The Washing Machine
A washing machine, also called washer is a machine designed to clean clothes, towels, linens and other household fabrics. In general, this term refers only machines in which water is the main solution wash. The machines for dry cleaning, that is to say using alternative cleaning fluids, are not classified as washing machines are the prerogative of a specialized industry. Having a problem with your washing machine? fill out the form above and we will get back to you shortly with expert advice on repairs.
The washing machine seems to be an invention of Jacob Christian Schäffer but the first patent for a washing machine was introduced 31 March 1797 by an American Nathaniel Briggs in New Hampshire. The washer roller was invented in 1843 by E. John Turnbull in Saint John, New Brunswick . In 1830 appeared, in England, the first mechanical washing machines, and in France, is presented to the Paris Fair of 1920 the first washing machine electric motor. In 1937, the first automatic machine was invented by Bendix. The 1950s witnessed the appearance of the first machines combined, where the spin is obtained by centrifugal force within the drum.
Washing machines were manufactured by Miele German in 1923.
It clearly distinguishes the three components of machine: the tray agitator, driven by an electric motor, which also operates the squeezing rollers located above the tray
These machines are widespread in the West during the second half of the twentieth century and helped to abolish the use of laundresses laundries where the clothes washed in cold water and in positions which quickly became painful.
The washing machine has contributed to improving the status of women.
All machines have the same operating principle: a wash cycle (possibly preceded by a pre-wash cycle) with lye, hot (between 30 and 95 ° C) or cold. In most models, the laundry, like all other products used are placed in a tray products. They are dispersed in water in the drum where the clothes at the right time, automatically. Then follows a rinse cycle with cold water to remove detergent and dirt found in water.
Contemporary washing machines in France are two main types: with a top loading or front (with window) with the horizontal axis of rotation. There are also vertical axis machines are common particularly in Asia and the United States.
The top-loading with a vertical axis, historically the most popular in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Asia up clothes in a vertical cylinder fitted with an agitator at the bottom center of helical . Machines with opening over Asia using pulsating instead of agitators. These are similar to agitators pulsars, but did not go to the middle of washing basin. Clothes are loaded through the top of the machine, which is covered with a hinged door. The use of vertical-axis machines is very large (about 200 L per cycle), and these machines are extremely rare in France.
The model named head usually 60 cm × 60 cm and has a window. It is most popular in Europe. Loading is through a glass door on the front of the machine. The cylinder is also called the drum. Agitation is supplied by the rotation of the cylinder and by gravity. The clothes are really Kamami raised inside the drum blade dentate and then fall. This movement moves the tissue and to penetrate the water and detergent through clothes. The maximum load is 8 or 9 kg.
The top model has appointed a top opening, is very common in France, Spain, Italy and Greece and some Eastern European countries. In France, in 2008 there were approximately 44% of homes with top, front and 56%. The model is usually called top 60 cm × 40 cm wide and has the advantage of taking less space than the model front. There is also easier to place and remove his clothes. By cons, we can not use the top of the machine as a work plan. Washing is done in the same way as in the model front, and consumption are identical for both types of machines. The maximum load is 6 or 7 kg.
These models top or front consume a quantity of water of about 50 or 60 L, according to the cycles, the load and the capacity of the machine. To minimize the consumption of washing clothes, it is important to load the machine up.
All washing machines work through three different sources. They use mechanical energy, heat and chemical action.
* The mechanical energy is given to clothing mandated by the rotation of the agitator in the machine top load, or by rolling the drum machines in the windows.
* The heat is supplied by water heated by the heater (resistance immersed). Many machines have a window electric heating (formerly gas) that can bring water almost to boil.
* The chemical action is provided by the laundry and other bleaching chemicals. Machine window using special detergents that are made to identify different chemical elements depending on temperature. Therefore, different types of stains and dirt are cleaned while the water is heated. The machines also need window washing low excitement because the rotation of the drum load clothes air, which prevents them from being as clean.
* In the late 1990s, the English inventor James Dyson launched a new type of washing machine with two cylinders rotating in opposite directions. This system would reduce the washing time and produce cleaner results. It was a commercial failure.
* The electronic spreads on new equipment, (it allows selecting programs almost "a la carte, by enabling or disabling options) and the LCD shows the remaining time, replacing the slider mechanical timer. Some machines even offer the user to choose his own time for his program. Some electronic programmers can be updated by a technician after installation, which can adapt to new programs or new detergent washing techniques more economical for example.
* Today, the machines are capable of assessing the amount of clothes and adapt water consumption accordingly.
* The machines are increasingly a short course of low temperature short time (about half an hour), which is often used daily program for lightly soiled garments daily.
* The option 'flush plus "or" baby care "is an option that increases the amount of rinse water and can be useful for sensitive skin or if somewhat hard water, which makes it difficult to detergents rinse.
* Some modern washing machines even include USB ports or Wi-Fi to connect to home network or the Internet.
Other machines allow a delayed start (for better rates of electricity called "peak") or anti-crease options ...
* After washing, leave the machine open some time to avoid stagnation of water for bacteria and unpleasant odors.
* The machines have a filter that can retrieve small objects passed through the holes in the drum. It is necessary to clean the filter regularly as it clogs up the fibers of clothing.
These devices combine both the functionality of washing and drying to reduce the time for loading and unloading clothes from one machine to another.
The problem with such devices is that only half the clothes can be dried after a washing process. Nowadays these handsets are able to do both operations at full load without interruption.